Long Island Sound Resource Center, a partnership between the State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection and the University of Connecticut (compiler, editor and publisher) U.S. Geological Survey (source data compiler) 200407 vector digital data Long Island Sound Resource Center, Groton, Connecticut, USA State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection The USGS is the collector and source for the original geologic mapping and interpretation upon which this digital spatial data is based (source data compiler). The Long Island Sound Resource Center is the creator, maintainer, and producer of the digital spatial data (compiler, editor, publisher). http://www.ct.gov/deep Janet Radway Stone John P. Schafer Elizabeth Haley London Mary L. DiGiacomo-Cohen Ralph S. Lewis Woodrow B. Thompson 2005 map Scientific Investigations Map SIM-2784 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey The Thickness of Glacial Sediments in Connecticut and the Long Island Sound Basin layer contains interpretive polygon data representing the thickness of glacial sediments in Connecticut and the Long Island Sound Basin. Compiled as part of the Quaternary Geologic Map of Connecticut and Long Island Sound Basin, Stone and others (1998, 2005). Includes thickness of glacial sediments in 50 foot (0-50, 50-100) and then 100 foot (100-200, 200-300, etc) intervals. Data derived from original mapping at 1:80,000 scale for the Long Island Sound basin and at 1:125,000 scale on the land in Connecticut. The data are NOT recommended for use at higher resolution scales. The purpose is to show the thickness of glacial sediments on land in Connecticut and in the Long Island Sound Basin. This layer can be used other geologic information shown on the Quaternary Geologic Map of Connecticut and Long Island Sound Basin (USGS publication SIM-2784) as well as other geologic GIS data layers for Long Island Sound derived from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) / Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) Marine Geology Cooperative Program. Complimentary data layers include the marine transgressive surface (marinet) and thickness of postglacial deposits (pgthkpol) found on Georeferenced Sea-floor Mapping and Bottom Photography in Long Island Sound (USGS Openfile report 00-304). These data appear as figure 2 on sheet 2 of the Quaternary Geologic Map of Connecticut and Long Island Sound Basin, Stone and others, 2005. Glacial and postglacial geologic deposits have long been studied on the land in Connecticut. Similar deposits are also present beneath modern marine sediments in Long Island Sound. Offshore geologic units in Long Island Sound are mapped largely from analysis of seismic-reflection profile data instead of from direct observation. The wasting away of the late Wisconsinan ice sheet, and the recession of its margin from south to north across Long Island Sound and Connecticut, was initiated when the rate of melting along the glacial margin exceeded the rate at which ice was flowing in from the north. Newly exposed lowlands and valleys were immediately filled with meltwater in the form of glacial lakes and ponds and meltwater streams. In these meltwater settings, much of the unsorted glacial debris (till) that melted out of the ice was sorted into layers of gravel, sand, silt, and clay. Glacial Lake Connecticut was impounded behind the Harbor Hill-Fishers Island- Charlestown moraine. At its maximum extent (when the ice front stood at a position near the present Connecticut shoreline) this glacial lake occupied all of the Long Island Sound Basin and extended into the mouths of the surrounding river valleys. The extensive glacial lake deposits that accumulated in Glacial Lake Connecticut often exceed 100m (328 ft) in thickness, and at one time very nearly completely filled in the Long Island Sound Basin. Today, these deposits have been locally extensively scoured by tidal currents (primarily in the eastern Sound) and generally lie beneath a blanket of Holocene marine sediment that is a few to 15m (45 ft) in thickness. To the north, Glacial Lake Hitchcock occupied the Central Valley north of Middletown, and smaller lakes and ponds occupied most river valleys. As meltwater streams carried sediment away from the receding ice front, these lakes and ponds were filled with sequences of stratified glacial deposits (most often deltaic), which choked the valleys. In upland areas, thick till deposits (e.g. drumlins) are locally scattered across the bedrock controlled topography which is generally mantled by a thin blanket of till (generally less than 5m or 15ft thick). 200407 publication date Complete None planned -73.785122 -71.781364 42.052612 40.852372 none glacial sediments thickness seismic interpretation USGS U.S. Geological Survey Woods Hole Field Center Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection Long Island Sound Resource Center University of Connecticut vectors ArcGIS ArcView ISO 19115 Topic Category geoscientificInformation U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the Identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the Outlying Areas of The United States, and Associated Areas (Federal Information Processing Standard 5-2): Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology. Connecticut New York CT NY None Long Island Sound U.S. Department of Commerce, 1995, Countries, Dependencies, Areas of Special Sovereignty, and Their Principal Administrative Divisions (Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 10-4): Washington, D.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology. United States of America USA none glacial quaternary holocene pleistocene None. The data are in the public domain and may be redistributed. Data derived from original mapping at 1:80,000 scale for the Long Island Sound basin and at 1:125,000 scale on the land in Connecticut. These data are NOT recommended for use at higher resolution scales. Please note that the on-land portion of these data was developed at 1:125,000 scale, and even though it was developed as part of the Quaternary Map and by the same author as the Quaternary Map and the Surficial Materials Map (J.R. Stone) that those digital data layers (quaternary geology and surficial materials) were compiled at 1:24,000 scale - because of the difference in scale and compilation methods these data sets may be noticibly incompatible at inappropriate scales. Although this data set has been used by the State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection as to the accuracy of the data and or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection in the use of these data or related materials. The user assumes the entire risk related to the use of these data. Once the data are distributed to the user, modifications made to the data by the user should be noted in the metadata. When printing these data on a map or using it in a software application, analysis, or report, please acknowledge the State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection as the source for this information. For example, include the following data source description when printing this layer on a map: Glacial Thickness - From the Thickness of Glacial Sediments in Connecticut and Long Island Sound Basin layer, compiled and published by CT DEP and USGS. Source map scale is 1:80,000 (LIS) and 1:125,000 (CT). The Long Island Sound Resource Center, CT DEP, and USGS must be referenced as the originator of the dataset in any future products or research derived from these data Long Island Sound Resource Center Mary DiGiacomo-Cohen mailing and physical address

Long Island Sound Resource Center

UConn Avery Point

1080 Shennecossett Rd

Groton Connecticut 06340 USA (860)405-9015 lisrc@uconn.edu http://www.cteco.uconn.edu/metadata/dep/browsegraphic/glacialsedimentthickness.gif Full view of the Thickness of Glacial Sediments in Connecticut and the Long Island Sound Basin layer showing nature and extent of polygon and line feature data. GIF http://www.cteco.uconn.edu/metadata/dep/browsegraphic/glacialsedimentthicknessdetail.gif Detail view of the Thickness of Glacial Sediments in Connecticut and the Long Island Sound Basin layer showing nature and extent of polygon and line feature data on the land in Connecticut at 1:125,000 scale. GIF Mary DiGiacomo-Cohen (Long Island Sound Resource Center) for compiling and editing the digital data. Original research conducted by USGS and Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey Cooperative Mapping Program; contributing authors include Janet R. Stone, Sally Needell, Ralph S. Lewis, Nancy F. Neff, and Steven M. Colman. none Unclassified none These data are maintained by the State of Connecticut using ArcGIS software developed by Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) in a Microsoft Windows operating system environment. Janet Radway Stone John P. Schafer Elizabeth Haley London Mary L. DiGiacomo-Cohen Ralph S. Lewis Woodrow B. Thompson 1998 document U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-371 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey R.S. Lewis S.W. Nedell 19870101 map U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1939-A Reston, Virginia, USA U.S. Geological Survey S.W. Needell R.S. Lewis S.M. Colman 19870101 map U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1939B Reston, Virginia, USA U.S. Geological Survey The THICKI_FT attribute is in feet and for the Long Island Sound area was derived from interpretation of analog seismic records generated by a Uniboom seismic system. The Uniboom employed for this project had a resolution of approximately 1-2 m; original contours were drawn at 10 meter intervals (and reinterpreted or converted to 50 and 100 foot intervals to agree with the onshore mapping interval). Considered accurate for use at appropriate scales. All lines were digitized, edited and coded in a consistent maner. No additional checks for topological consistency were performed on this data set. Polygon features conform to the following topological rules. Polygons are single part. There are no duplicate polygons. Polygons do not self overlap. Polygons do not overlap other polygons. Lines are single part. Line features conform to the following topological rules. There are no duplicate lines. Lines do not self overlap. Lines do not overlap other lines. Lines intersect only at nodes, and nodes anchor the ends of all lines. Lines do not overshoot or undershoot other lines they are supposed to meet and intersect. In general, there are no duplicate features, unresolved intersections, overshooting lines, open polygons, sliver polygons, or unlabeled (unattributed) polygons. The tests of logical consistency were performed by the Long Island Sound Resource Center using ESRI ArcInfo software to maintain feature topology in ArcInfo coverage format. The data is topologically clean. The ArcInfo Clean function was repeatedly used following edits to verify topology and enforce a minimum distance between vertices of 10 feet (fuzzy tolerance) and a minimum allowed overshoot length of 0 feet (dangle length). All available (previously published or compiled) data for the area has been presented. There are data gaps in central Long Island Sound where the presence of gas in the sediments makes the interpretation of underlying layers difficult or impossible. Data gaps are either unmapped areas or represented by polygon features having Thickness Interval attribute (THICKI_FT) values equal to "unknown". For the Long Island Sound area, ship position was determined using Loran-C navigation (typical Loran accuracy for Long Island Sound is about 100 m). Additional horizontal error may have been introduced during the drafting of original compilation maps or the digitizing process. Data is considered accurate for use at 1:80,000 scale for Long Island Sound and 1:125,000 scale for Connecticut mainland. Ralph S. Lewis Sally W. Needell 19870101 map U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1939-A Hartford, Connecticut, USA U.S. Geological Survey 80000 stable-base material 19870101 publication date MF-1939-A mylar compilation sheet for thickness of glacial drift Sally W. Needell Ralph S. Lewis Steven M. Colman 19870101 map U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1939-B Reston, Virginia, USA U.S. Geological Survey 80000 stable-base material 19870101 publication date MF-1939-B mylar compilation sheet for thickness of glacial drift Ralph S. Lewis Nancy F. Neff Unpublished Material map Groton, Connecticut, USA Long Island Sound Resource Center These maps were prepared as a continuation of the MF-1939 series which was not completed in that format since the framework studies of LIS evolved into other publications such as the Quaternary map (I-2784) and various openfile CD products (OF 02-002, OF 00-304). 80000 stable-base material unknown unknown mylars for west and west-central LIS Unpublished contour maps of the total drift thickness for western and west-central LIS Janet R. Stone Unpublished Material map Hartford, Connecticut, USA U.S. Geological Survey mylar overlay for the Quaternary map (on-land area) drafted at 1:125,000 scale 125000 stable-base material 1994 publication date CT thickness map mylar compilation sheet of thickness of glacial deposits Long Island Sound Resource Center, a partnership between the State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection and the University of Connecticut (compiler, editor and publisher) 200407 vector digital data Long Island Sound Resource Center, Groton, Connecticut, USA State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection http://www.ct.gov/deep 80000 and 125000 disc 200407 publication date glacialthk glacialthk is in ArcInfo Coverage format having both polygon and line features. The name of the ArcInfo Coverage is GLACIALTHK. Long Island Sound Resource Center, a partnership between the State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection and the University of Connecticut (compiler, editor and publisher) U.S. Geological Survey (source data compiler) 200407 vector digital data Long Island Sound Resource Center, Groton, Connecticut, USA State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection http://www.ct.gov/deep 80000 and 125000 disc 200407 publication date Glacial_Sediment_Thickness_Line.shp Includes all line features from glacialthk (ArcInfo Coverage format). Glacial_Sediment_Thickness_Line.shp is in Shapefile format. Long Island Sound Resource Center, a partnership between the State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection and the University of Connecticut (compiler, editor and publisher) U.S. Geological Survey (source data compiler) 200407 Long Island Sound Resource Center, Groton, Connecticut, USA State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection http://www.ct.gov/deep 80000 and 125000 disc 200407 publication date Glacial_Sediment_Thickness_Line Glacial_Sediment_Thickness_Line is in GeoDatabase Feature Class format. Selected contours from the hand drawn compilation sheets (4 maps total, originaly with 10m contour intervals) for LIS were digitized on a Calcomp 9100 using ArcInfo software. The section coverages were edited and edgematched (contours were modified where necessary to match at map section boundaries), and attributed. Coverage was projected to Connecticut State Plane Coordinate System, NAD27. MF-1939-A MF-1939-B mylars for west and west-central LIS 1994 LISthickness Long Island Sound Resource Center Mary DiGiacomo-Cohen mailing and physical address

Long Island Sound Resource Center

UConn Avery Point

1080 Shennecossett Rd

Groton CT 06340 USA (860)405-9015 lisrc@uconn.edu The CT thickness map was digitized on a Calcomp 9100 using ArcInfo software, edited and attributed. Coverage was projected to Connecticut State Plane Coordinate System, NAD27. CT thickness map 1994 CTthickness Margaret Thomas CT Geological and Natural History Survey, CT DEP mailing and physical address

Environmental and Geographic Information Center

Department of Environmental Protection

79 Elm St

Hartford CT 06106 USA 860 424-3583 margaret.thomas@po.state.ct.us Coverages CTthickness and LISthickness were appended and edited as necessary along the shoreline (interpolation by J.R. Stone and M.DiGiacomo-Cohen). CTthickness LISthickness 1994 Comthk Mary DiGiacomo-Cohen Long Island Sound Resource Center mailing and physical address

Long Island Sound Resource Center

UConn Avery Point

1080 Shennecossett Rd

Groton Connecticut 06340 USA (860)405-9015 lisrc@uconn.edu Edited again in 2003 per review comments by USGS publication editors. Re-attributed and checked. Coverage projected to Connecticut State Plane Coordinate System, NAD83. comthk 2003-2004 glacialthk Mary DiGiacomo-Cohen Long Island Sound Resource Center mailing and physical address

Long Island Sound Resource Center

UConn Avery Point

1080 Shennecossett Rd

Groton Connecticut 06106 USA (860)405-9015 lisrc@uconn.edu Export to Shapefile format - Converted line feature data from an ArcInfo coverage named GLACIALTHK to a Shapefile named Glacial_Sediment_Thickness_Line.shp. Excluded the FNODE#, TNODE#, LPOLY#, RPOLY#, LENGTH, GLACIALTHK#, GLACIALTHK-ID attributes from the Shapefile because their values are only maintained by ArcInfo software with spatial data that is ArcInfo coverage format. glacialthk 20060519 Glacial_Sediment_Thickness_Line.shp State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection Howie Sternberg mailing and physical address

79 Elm Street

Hartford Connecticut 06106 USa 860-424-3540 Convert to GeoDatabase Feature Class format - Defined new Feature Class named Glacial_Sediment_Thickness_Line; and imported the attribute definitions, loaded features and imported metadata from Glacial_Sediment_Thickness_Line.shp shapefile. Spatial Reference Properties for Feature Class: Coordinate System: NAD_1983_StatePlane_Connecticut_FIPS_0600_Feet XY Domain MinX: 100000; MaxX: 2247483.645 XY Domain MinY: 200000; MaxY: 2347483.645 Precision: 1000 Glacial_Sediment_Thickness_Line.shp 20061106 Glacial_Sediment_Thickness_Line State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection Howie Sternberg mailing and physical address

79 Elm Street

Hartford Connecticut 06106 USA 860-424-3540 Vector String 2383 Lambert Conformal ConicLambert Conformal Conic41.20000041.866667-72.75000040.833333999999.999996499999.999998 coordinate pair 0.000250 0.000250 survey feet North American Datum of 1983 Geodetic Reference System 80 6378137.000000 298.257222 1.000000 Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Thickness of Glacial Sediments in Connecticut and the Long Island Sound Basin Line Lines of equal glacial sediment thickness State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection and the U.S Geological Survey OBJECTID Internal feature number. ESRI Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. SHAPE Feature geometry. ESRI Coordinates defining the features. THICK_FT Thickness Isopach - Glacial Sediment Thickness Isopach, in feet. Long Island Sound Resource Center compiler, Mary DiGiacomo-Cohen 50 50 feet thick compiler 100 100 feet thick compiler 200 200 feet thick compiler 300 300 feet thick compiler 400 400 feet thick compiler 500 500 feet thick compiler 600 600 feet thick compiler 999 Data limit. Not an isopach. compiler SHAPE.len Line features are encoded for glacial sediment thickness in feet (50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600). Line features that are encoded with sediment thickness values of 9999 define the (boundary) limits of the data and are not thickness isopach lines. They generally define the extremity of the data, following the Connecticut state boundary and southern boundary of the Long Island Sound basin. They also enclose areas where the glacial sediment thickness is unknown. Polygon features are encoded for glacial sediment thickness interval in feet (0-50, 50-100, 100-200, 200-300, 300-400, 400-500, 500-600, > 600, and unkown). Values of "unknown" represent areas where the presence of methane gas in the sediment makes the interpretation of underlying layers difficult or impossible. Quaternary Geologic Map of Connecticut and Long Island Sound Basin (Stone, J.R., Schafer, J.P., London, E.H., DiGiacomo-Cohen, M.L., Lewis, R.S., and Thompson, W.B., 2005, U.S. Geological Survey special map, 2 sheets, scale 1:125,000). State of Connecticut, Department of Enviromental Protection mailing and physical address

79 Elm Street

Hartford Connecticut 06106-5127 USA 860-424-3540 860-424-4058 dep.gisdata@ct.gov Monday to Friday, 08:30 to 16:30 Eastern Standard Time Thickness of Glacial Sediments in Connecticut and the Long Island Sound Basin Although this data set has been used by the State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection as to the accuracy of the data and or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection in the use of these data or related materials. The user assumes the entire risk related to the use of these data. Shapefile, Feature Class, ArcInfo Coverage ArcGIS Zip file http://www.ct.gov/deep An online copy of the data may be accessed without charge. The data distributor does not provide custom GIS analysis or mapping services. Data is available in a standard format and may be converted to other formats, projections, coordinate systems, or selected for specific geographic regions by the party receiving the data. Geographic information sytem (GIS), computer-aided drawing or other mapping software is necessary to display, view and access the information. The original format of this data is ArcGIS coverage format. The user must have a ESRI compatible software to read and process the data file. In lieu of an ESRI software, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of importing the data. 20111208 Long Island Sound Resource Center, a partnership between the State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection and the University of Connecticut Mary DiGiacomo-Cohen mailing and physical address

Long Island Sound Resource Center, UConn Avery Point, 1080 Shennecossett Rd

Groton Connecticut 06340 USA (860) 405-9015 lisrc@uconn.edu Monday to Friday, 08:30 to 16:30 Eastern Standard Time FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time None None http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html ESRI Metadata Profile